Parts of Shaping Machines OR Shapers
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Parts of Shaping Machines OR Shapers
Parts of Shaping Machines OR Shapers - Fig shows a horizontal shaper and its principal parts are
1. Base.
2. Column or pillar
3. Cross rail.
4. Saddle.
5. Table.
6. Ram.
7. Tool head.
8. Drive mechanism.
| 1 - Column | 5 - Tool Head | 9 - Ratchet and pawl mechanism |
| 2 - Motor | 6 - Tool Holder | 10 - Elevating screw for raising or lowering the table |
| 3 - Ram | 7 - Clamp | 11 - Support bracket to clamp the table rigidly during operation |
| 4 - Table | 8 - Handle for raising or lowering the Cutting Tool |
Parts of a Shaper
| A - Swiveling Head | G - Outboard clamp | M - Bull Gear | S - Crank pin |
| B - Stroke position Adjustment | H - Ratchet power cross feed | N - Rocker arm | T - Ram |
| C - Ram clamp | I - Cross feed Screw | O - Drive Pinion | U - Base |
| D - Tool Holder | J - Ways | P - Stroke Adjustment for Ram | V - Vertical feed |
| E - Crosstrail | K - Elevating Screw | Q - Scotch york | W - Column or pillar |
| F - Saddle | L - Cross feed arm | R - Link | X - Pawl |
1. Base The base of tbe shaper supports the column or pillar which supports all tbe working parts such as ram, work table, drive mechanism etc.
Base is a heavy cast iron body.
2. Column, Pillar or Body The shaper has a column which is a ribbed casting of cellular construction. The top of the column carries the ram slideways, whilst the table slideways are machined on the front of the casting. The crank and slotted link mechanism that drives the ram is contained within the column. The driving motor, the variable speed gearbox, levers, handles and other controls of shaper are also contained in the column.
3. Cross rail The cross rail carries the horizontal table slideways and is mounted on the vertical slideways of the column. The cross rail can be raised or lowered by means of an elevating screw in order to compensate for different thick nesses of work. The cross rail is a, heavy casting and it also carries the table cross feed screw together with the pawl and ratchet intermittent drive mechanism.
4. Saddle Saddle is gibbed to the cross rail and supports the table. If the table is removed, the work can be bolted or clamped to the Tslots in front of the saddle. Crosswise movement of the saddle causes the work table to move sideways.
5. Table The work table is a box shaped casting with Tflots in its upper surface and down one side (Fig.). It also has a vee machined in tbe vertical side to carry cylindrical work.
Work table of Shaper
The upper surface of the work table is machined in situ after assembly to ensure that the working surface of the table is a true datum for work setting.The work table is bolted to the saddle and can be moved vertically and crosswise with the help of saddle and cross rail.
6. Ram Ram is a rigidly braced casting and is located on the top of column. The ram is driven back and forth in its slides by the slotted link mechanism. The ram contains a stroke positioning mechanism and the downfeed mechanism.
7. Tool head The tool head slides in a dovetail at the front of the ram by means of T-bolts. It can swivel from 0° to 90° in a vertical plane: The tool head can be raise a or lowered by hand feed for vertical cuts on the workpiece.
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| Protractor | Direction of Movement |
A - Tool post B - Clopper box C - Tool Slide D - Protractor scale E - Ram |
Tool Box and Headslide
| A - Clapper Box | B - Tool Clamping Screw | C - Clapper box pivot pin |
The tool head holds the tool. The tool head imparts the tool, the necessary vertical and angular feed movements. The tool slide controls the in feed of the cutting tool into the workpiece. In other words, it controls the depth of cut and is adjusted by a lead screw.
The clapper box allows the cutting tool to lift on the return or idle stroke so that the tool is not dragged back through the uncut workpiece and gets damaged. The tool post carries the cutting tool.
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